There is a significant shift withinAlfred Hitchcock’s career when he transitioned from making films in his home country of Great Britain to working within the United States, which occurred when his 1940 masterpieceRebeccawas awardedwith the Academy Award for Best Picture, even if he was ultimately snubbed of the Best Director prize. Hitchcock’s earlier films often focused on conspiracies, spies, and crime, but his subsequent American work tended to take on more compelling psychological and philosophical concepts. Hitchcock also entered the American entertainment industry at a very interesting time, as the ongoing World War II had completely changed the types of films that Hollywood was interested in making.Hitchcock was able to capture the anxieties brought upon by World War II with his brilliant survival thrillerLifeboat, which managed to tell an intense story of suspense and intrigue within the confines of a contained environment.
What Is ‘Lifeboat’ About?
Set in theaftermath of a devastating battle,Lifeboatcenters on a group of American civilians and servicemen who are forced to surviveafter their merchant vessel engages in a tense conflict with a German U-Boat, leaving both crews completely stranded on the open water. Although the sea is oppressive and the possibility of survival and rescue dwindles by each passing moment, a group of Americans are able to find refuge on a single life raft, which allows them to pool their supplies as they await the arrival of an ally ship. However, their attempts to pick up any potential stranglers grows more strenuous when they discover the German officer, Kapitän Willi (Walter Slezak). Some of the survivors, such as the engine room crewman John Kovac (John Hodiak), argue that Willi should be thrown overboard; others, such as the journalist Connie Porter (Tallulah Bankhead) suggest that he should be given rights. As the resources grow more scarce, the survivors begin to turn on each other as they decide whose lives are more valuable than others.
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Lifeboatis an inventive analysis of a classical philosophical debateover whether it is morally sound to offer assistance toan enemy combatant in a time of war. Even though the Americans know very little about Willi and his background, they do know that his survival could put them all in danger, especially if their raft was intercepted by the Germans. The film does not take a side in the debate, as it allows for each character to be given a sound argument; Kovac thinks that it is incomprehensible that they would permit Willi to survive when they are already limited in space and supplies, but Kovac suggests that showing him compassion would emphasize what they are really fighting for. Similar conversations would have been held across the globe during this difficult period in human history, but Hitchcock is able to show a microcosm of World War II ethical battles within just one group of survivors faced with a seemingly impossible choice.
‘Lifeboat’ Captured the Paranoia of World War II
Lifeboatwas able to create suspense within a single location, as it examined both the internal and exterior threats that the survivors faced amidst their journey. Given that they are in the aftermath of a major conflict, there is a possibility that ships from either side could come to their rescue. At the same time, the debate over whether or not Willi should be thrown overboard creates a feud within the survivors; should they act out aggressively due to their collective fear, they may be setting a dangerous precedent for how civil liberties are determined in the future. Even thoughLifeboatisframed specifically as a World War II story, its themes are relevant to any armed conflict in human history.
Lifeboatmarks one of the few instances in which Hitchcock was recognized by the Academy Awardwith a Best Director nomination, as he was surprisingly overlooked for someof his greatest achievements. It is certainly an amazing feat in storytelling, as it’s hard to imagine any other filmmaker could have worked under such constraints to make such a continuously inventive thriller. It may not have the twists and turns ofRear Windowor the shocking violence ofPsycho, butLifeboatstill deserves to be remembered among Hitchcock’s most groundbreaking achievements.
